Mood: mood
| Values: | Des | Hort | Imp | Ind | Int | Irr | Jus |
Mood is a feature that expresses modality and subclassifies finite verb forms. It can appear on verbs (VERB), the verbal and mood auxiliaries (AUX), and, in phrasal verb particles, postpositions (ADP) and adverbs (ADV).
Ind: indicative
The indicative mood is considered the default mood. A verb in the indicative mood simply states that something happens, has happened, or will happen, without adding any attitude of the speaker.
Examples
- Peter lhung fiate. “Peter threw a stone.”
Irr: irrealis
Generally speaking, the irrealis mood denotes an action that is not known to have happened. In Naga-Suansu, the irrealis marker rahn is used to denote potential and certain future events.
Examples
- Hai tyi nahn mating bahn rahn thai byahn. “I will ask my sister to help us with the work.”
Imp: imperative
The speaker uses imperative to order or ask the addressee to do the action of the verb. In Naga-Suansu, this is expressed by the base form of the verb or by the marker -a, depending on the phonological shape of the verb.
Examples
-
Ve! “Go!”
-
Sam, windowdi shamma! “Sam, open the window!”
Hort: hortative
The hortative mood expresses the encouragement or discouragement of an action.
Examples
- Thung kapui ga. “Let’s look for firewood.”
Int: interrogative
In Naga-Suansu, the interrogative mood is expressed, in the present tense, via auxiliaries.
Examples
-
Nahn woan mu la di la? “Do you want to go?”
-
Phabta la dima? “Don’t you understand?”
Des: desiderative
The desiderative mood corresponds to the English modal “would like to”. In Naga-Suansu, it is expressed via the desiderative marker tha.
Examples
- Miszu mazohn nahndi electric chairnahn phathohn tha reganan laha “Everybody else has an interest in sending you to the electric chair.”
Jus: jussive
The jussive mood is used to express an authoritative or more formal command, request, or permission.
Examples
- Kapiu matha dai “Start searching the place.”
Mood in other languages: [ab] [akk] [arr] [bej] [bg] [bm] [cs] [cy] [el] [eme] [en] [es] [ess] [et] [fi] [fr] [ga] [gd] [gn] [gub] [hbo] [hu] [hy] [it] [jaa] [ka] [ky] [mdf] [myv] [naq] [nmf] [pcm] [ps] [qpm] [qtd] [quc] [ru] [say] [sl] [sv] [tpn] [tr] [tt] [u] [ug] [uk] [urb] [urj] [xcl] [yrk]